Introduction
Stem mastering involves working with sub-mixes (stems) of your track instead of a single stereo file. This provides the mastering engineer more control over the final sound. Below is a guide on how to prepare and export stems for stem mastering.
Finalize the Mix
Ensure each stem's balance and effects are exactly how you want them in the final mix. Every adjustment should be deliberate and purposeful.
Group Similar Tracks
Create stems by grouping similar tracks together. Common stems include drums, bass, guitars, keyboards, vocals, and backing vocals. Ensure that each stem sounds good on its own and in context with the others.
Apply Processing Judiciously
• Individual Tracks: Apply necessary EQ, compression, and effects to individual tracks as you normally would during mixing.
• Stem Busses: You can apply light processing to the stem busses if it serves the overall sound, but avoid heavy compression or limiting.
• Leave Headroom: Ensure each stem has adequate headroom, peaking at around -6dB to -3dB.
Check Levels and Panning
Ensure that the levels and panning of each stem contribute to a balanced mix when all stems are played together.
Check the Start and End Points
Ensure all stems start and end at the exact same point in time, even if there is silence at the beginning or end of some stems.
Export in High Resolution
When exporting your mix, choose a high-resolution format. Ideally, you should export in the same resolution as your session. For example, if your session is 32-bit/48kHz, export the mix in the same resolution.
• File Format: WAV or AIFF
• Bit Depth: 24-bit (minimum)
• Sample Rate: Match the project’s sample rate (e.g., 44.1kHz, 48kHz)
• Dither: Turn off any dithering options if your DAW presents them during the export process.
Naming and Organizing
Name the file clearly, and include the song title and your artist or band name. If you are sending multiple tracks for an album or EP, include the track number in the file name.
Include a Rough Mix
Export a rough mix of the full track for reference and include it in the same folder with the stems.
Exporting Stems (Optional)
If the mastering engineer or the project requires stems, export individual groups of instruments (e.g., drums, bass, guitars, vocals) in addition to the full mix. Ensure that each stem starts at the same point in time so that they align correctly when imported into a new session.
Create a Text Document (Optional)
Include any notes or specific instructions for the mastering engineer in a text document. Mention any processing applied to the stem busses.
Zip and Send
Place the exported audio file(s) and any text documents into a folder. Compress the folder into a ZIP file and send it to the mastering engineer using a reliable file transfer service or by using our Studio file delivery system
By following these steps, you ensure that the mastering engineer has all they need to deliver a master that enhances the overall balance, dynamics, and tonality of your music, while preserving the integrity of your mix.
